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'Ancient philosophy' is the conventional title, in Europe and the English-speaking academy, for the philosophical activities of the thinkers of the Graeco-Roman world. It includes a succession of philosophers who operated over a 1,000-year period from the middle of the first millennium BC to the middle of the first millennium AD - from Thales and the earliest Pre-Socratics to late Neoplatonists and Aristotelian commentators, such as Simplicius and Philoponus. Later thinkers in Europe (e.g. Scotus Eriugena) are normally assigned to the category 'medieval', as are Arabic philosophers such as Avicenna and Averroës. Contemporary philosophers from other cultures (e.g. Confucius, Buddha) are also not included.

Classical Studies	Cynicism
Cyrenaic School	Eleaticism
Epicureanism	Megarian School
Middle Platonism	Milesian School
Neoplatonism	Organizations
Peripateticism	Philosophers
Pythagoreanism	Skepticism
Sophism	Stoicism
The Academy	Early Christian Writings

• Alcmaeon Life and work of early Greek medical writer and philosopher-scientist; by Carl Huffman.
• Alcmaeon of Croton Life and work of early Greek medical writer and philosopher-scientist; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by Carl Huffman.
• Ancient Greek Philosophy Outline of the major schools, including primary sources. For a course taught by Barry Smith at Atlantic Baptist University.
• Ancient Roman philosophy: Discourses by Epictetus A selection from the Discourses of Epictetus, ancient Roman philosopher who was born 60 AD, on surrender and the will of God.
• Ancient Rome - Philosophy Overview of ancient Roman philosophy by Richard Hooker.
• Apeiron Journal published by the University of Texas covering ancient philosophy and science up to the end of the classical period. Site features editorial credits, manuscript submission guidelines, and subscription information.
• Archytas Life and work of fourth century BC Greek mathematician, political leader and philosopher; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by Carl Huffman.
• Archytas Life and work of fourth century BC Greek mathematician, political leader and philosopher; by Carl Huffman.
• Classical Political Philosophy Essays on Greek and Roman political thinkers and experiences.
• Early Greek Philosophy Biographies of the Pre-Socratics from Thales to Democritus
• EAWC Anthology: Ennead I.6 [1], On Beauty Ancient World Cultures series provided by the University of Evansville.
• EAWC: Exploring Ancient World Cultures A series of on-line course supplements for students and teachers of the ancient and medieval worlds provided by the University of Evansville.
• Episteme and Techne Discussion of the distinction between knowledge and craft, or art in ancient philosophy; by Richard Parry.
• Greek Philosophy The Origin of Philosophy: The Attributes of Mythic/Mythopoeic Thought - How was Greek philosophy different from what came before? Or was it different?
• Greek Philosophy Online community for casual and scholarly readers; articles and discussion forums available.
• Greek Philosophy Brief article outlining the history of Greek philosophy. From the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
• Greek Philosophy The philosophical currents of Ancient Greek philosophy are introduced, from the Presocratic philosophers through to Proclus.
• Greek Philosophy Archive Download complete translated works of major Greek philosophers.
• Greek Philosophy: Hellenistic Philosophy This chapter of the learning module, Ancient Greece, briefly outlines the ideas of the major Hellenistic philosophies including Epicureanism, Stoicism, and Cynicism
• Hellenistic and Roman Philosophy A summary outline of the History of Western Philosophy, from the Pre-Socratics to existentialism in the 20th century.
• History of Ancient & Medieval Philosophy Lecture notes for a course taught by Dr. Charles Ess at Drury University.
• History of Ancient Philosophy Lecture notes to S. Marc Cohen's course at the University of Washington.
• Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Greek Philosophy Brief article outlining the history of Greek philosophy. From the Timeline of Western Philosophy.
• Ionian Thinkers Essay on the pre-Socratics by C.D.C. Reeve of Reed College
• Objectivist Center: Ancient Greek Philosophy A narrative study guide and bibliography covering ancient Greek thought written by George Brakas.
• Philosophy at Hal Hsieb Series of lecture notes on ancient philosophy, in PDF format.
• Phronesis Scholarly journal for the study of ancient Greek and Roman thought, available in print and digital formats. Offers information about subscribing and reproductions of select articles featured in the publication.
• Plotinus Life and work of this founder of Neoplatonism; by Lloyd Gerson from the Stanford Encyclopedia.
• Plotinus Life and work of this founder of Neoplatonism; by Lloyd Gerson.
• Presocratic Philosophers Historical information on the philosophers preceding Socrates. The foundation of the Ionian school in Miletos is considered the starting-point of presocratic thought.
• Project Archelogos Database containing all the philosophical arguments of the works of Plato and Aristotle represented according to a method which makes explicit their logical interconnections.
• Rivendell's Philosophy Page Athenian philosophers, antique and medieval philosophers, rationalists, and modern philosophers, from the rivendell educational archive by Leigh Denault.
• Science and Human Values: Pre-Socratic Philosophers Article by Fred L. Wilson of the Rochester Institute of Technology
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Alcmaeon of Croton Life and work of early Greek medical writer and philosopher-scientist, by Carl Huffman.
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Archytas Life and work of fourth century BC Greek mathematician, political leader and philosopher, by Carl Huffman.
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Episteme and Techne Discussion of the distinction between knowledge and craft, or art in ancient philosophy; by Richard Parry.
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Plotinus Life and work of this founder of Neoplatonism; by Lloyd Gerson from the Stanford Encyclopedia.
• WCP: Ancient Philosophy The Paideia Project: Proceedings of the 20th World Congress of Philosophy. Archive of contributed papers in Ancient Philosophy.
• Ziniewicz on Greek Philosophy A number of essays on ancient Greek philosophy.

 

 

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